The response of dendroctonus vaens and temnochila chlorodia to ips paraconfusus pheromone components and verbenone christopher j. These genera have received less funding and research attention, and as a consequence natural history and phylogenetic knowledge is minimal. Bark beetles in the genus dendroctonus b 379 setae equipped with projections pointed backward to the base, or away from the point that cause them to remain imbedded once contact with them is made. Dec 23, 2016 could two species merge into one species through convergent evolution. Dendroctonus definition is a genus of small bark beetles that are especially destructive to mature coniferous trees and that have a large prothorax, short clubbed elbowed antennae, serrated tibiae, and spiny elytra. Consultation on the red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens, in shanxi province, pr china, july 17, 2001. Rapid detection of red turpentine beetle dendroctonus. Can infest any pine species and is infrequently found in other conifers. Ny forest owner nyfoa 18008363566 info 28 dendroctonus valens. Both biotic and abiotic factors can influence species composition and structure of the insect gut bacterial communities.
Several species of ophiostomatoid fungi are associated with the beetle in north america, but little research has been done on the fungi associated with this invasive. Jun 20, 2009 the red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens leconte coleoptera. Dendroctonus erichson is a relatively small genus 19 described species, but one with a disproportionately large impact on coniferous forests. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. We use pyrosequencing to characterize the gut bacterial.
This is the largest bark beetle species in the southeastern us. This insect was designated as the type species of the genus dendroctonus, when erichson described the genus in 1836. The mountain pine beetle, dendroctonus ponderosae hopkins, is the most serious insect pest of western north american pine forests. Rtb was introduced into china in the early 1980s and spread rapidly from shanxi province to four adjacent provinces.
Nitrogenfixing and uricolytic bacteria associated with. A field guide to diseases and insect pests of northern and central rocky mountain conifers. Trapping with semiochemicals and pheromones was deployed in d. A recent outbreak destroyed more than 15 million hectares of pine forests, with major environmental effects on forest health, and economic effects on the forest industry.
The pheromone frontalin and its dual function in the invasive. Scolytidae, originating from north america was introduced into china counties of yangcheng and xinshui shanxi province in the early 1980s. To overcome host pine defenses, beetles massattack the pine to a threshold density that can exhaust. It attacks all species of pine within its range and occasionally spruce and larch. Its name is particularly apt dendro tree, tonus destroyer for a group that contains most of the major coniferkilling bark beetles in the world. Attacks from this beetle are distinguished by the large pitch tubes they elicit from trees, and granular frass left at the base of trees that resembles grapenuts. We deployed an attractant semiochemical blend as a challenge to the two.
We compared the antennae of two sibling bark beetle species, dendroctonus rhizophagus thomas and bright and dendroctonus valens leconte, to identify biologically and taxonomically relevant. In california, coulter pine is also attacked by this aggressive beetle. Dendroctonus bark beetles are a worldwide significant pest of conifers. Presumably they function in defense, especially against vertebrate predators. A newcomer that is gaining notoriety as a threat to the christmas tree business is the introduced pine shoot beetle, tomicus piniperda. Red turpentine beetle dendroctonus valens is the largest and most widely distributed bark beetle in north america. The pheromone frontalin and its dual function in the invasive bark beetle dendroctonus valens.
The 12 genera included in this chapter are arguably not as economically or ecologically important as north american ips and dendroctonus. Late season response of dendroctonus valens and nontarget insects to traps baited with host kairomones, with and without verbenone bubblecaps or microencapsulated verbenone treatment d. Dendroctonus valens, invasive species, invasiveness, ipm, leptographium, pines abstract the red turpentine beetle rtb, dendroctonusvalensleconte coleoptera. Timber imports into china in the 1980s probably translocated the north american pest dendroctonus valens red turpentine beetle into the. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Dendroctonus valens is a solitary bark beetle that colonizes lower stems. Dendroctonus valens european and mediterranean plant. Acoustic signalling in the destructive bark beetle genus. The role of dendroctonus valens and its vectored fungi in the mortality of ponderosa pine. Dendroctonus valens dencvaworld distribution eppo global.
World distribution of dendroctonus valens dencva eppo global database. Information and translations of dendroctonus in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Plant quarantine is an important method to hinder the invasion of this species. Bark beetle, dendroctonus valens, exotic pest, outbreak, pinus tabuliformis, sclytidae. Evaluation of beauveria bassiana hyphomycetes isolates. Red turpentine beetle dendroctonus valens the red turpentine beetle rtb is a member of the bark beetle family found in pine forests throughout nevada. The response of the introduced red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens leconte.
The oleoresin from these trees frequently contains 3. Pdf the red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens leconte. Outbreaks and tree mortality attributed to rtb alone are rare in its native range. Timber imports into china in the 1980s probably translocated the north american pest dendroctonus valens red turpentine beetle into the country. Typically the beetle attacks trees weakened by drought, old age, overstocking, wind damage, fire or disease. Pdf comparative study of the antennae of dendroctonus. It has since established itself vast tracts of ecologically and economically valuable pine forest in northern china, threatening reforestation and forest protection programmes in the country. It is native to north america and was accidentally introduced into china in the 1980s presumably on unprocessed logs imported from the western united states. Effects of symbiotic bacteria and tree chemistry on the. It attacks all species of pines in the state, though is rarely a significant pest of any of them. This question was originally answered on quora by suzanne sadedin. The red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens leconte eaton and lara 1967, smith 1961, occurs in practically all pine forests of the united states and canada except in the southeastern and gulf states.
In 1999, it was found in hebei province and by 2003 this bark beetle had spread to 85 counties in 3 provinces of northern china covering an area of more than 700 000 ha causing damage to. This genus comprises 20 species found in north and central america, and eurasia. Management strategies for bark beetles in conifer forests. The introduced red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens leconte, is one of the most economically important forest pests in the peoples republic of china, having killed more than 6 million pines. This insect was designated as the type species of the genus dendroctonus, when erichson described the genus in. Proceedings of the eec seminar on the biological control of bark beetles dendroctonus micans, brussels, belgium, 8797.
Dendroctonus valens, invasive species, invasiveness, ipm, leptographium. It belongs to a group of beetles that spend most of their lives between the tree bark and sapwood. Scolytinae, colonizes all pines species within its native range throughout north and central america. Dendroctonus valens dencvaoverview eppo global database. It has been introduced to china where it has become invasive. In addition, investigations are underway on the use of the predator rhizophagus grandis for biological control.
A new species of bark beetle, dendroctonus mesoamericanus. In north america, species of the genus dendroctonus can be distinguished from the introduced tomicina, hylurgus latreille and tomicus latreille, and the native xylechinus chapuis, by the anterior margin of their compound eye. Entomopathogenic fungi, such as beauveria bassiana, have shown great potential for the management of some bark beetle species. Dendroctonus synonyms, dendroctonus pronunciation, dendroctonus translation, english dictionary definition of dendroctonus. May 19, 2015 dendroctonus valens leconte was introduced from north america to china and has killed millions of healthy pines there. This page was last edited on 20 december 2019, at 09. Chapter 14 management strategies for bark beetles in conifer forests christopher j. The red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens leconte. Gut bacterial communities of dendroctonus valens and. Several studies have documented the microbiota associated with these bark beetles, but little is known regarding how the gut bacterial communities change across host range distribution.
Pdf the pheromone frontalin and its dual function in the. Scolytinae, is a secondary pest of pines in its native range in north and central america. Dendroctonus valens, considered a secondary bark beetle in its native, north america, has caused unprecedented tree mortality in china. Chiral monoterpenes were tested using the natural blend of enantiomers found in. It includes several species notorious for destroying trees in the forests of north america.
Black turpentine beetle, dendroctonus terebrans olivier insecta. Scolytidae, is a common pest of pines in its native range in north and central america eaton and lara 1967. In order to distinguish rtb from the other four closely related bark beetles, scolytus schevyrewi semenov. Manual control, such as felling and digging out dying or recently dead trees. The entomopathogen beauveria bassiana is an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical pesticides, and it is highly lethal to d. The red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens leconte, is one of the most destructive invasive forest pests in china, having killed more than 6 million pines since its first outbreak in 1999. Southern pine beetle, dendroctonus frontalis coleoptera. Species of ips pronounces as hips without the h are most often associated with severely stressed standing trees, trees that. Recently, this species was accidentally introduced to china, where it has caused severe damage in pine forests. The goods coverage index values were greater than 97% in all locations of both bark beetles table1.
Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. Pdf stable and dynamic interactions among plants, herbivorous insects, parasites and associated microbes are formed in natural habitats. Attraction of red turpentine beetle and other scolytinae. Scolytinae, in southern mexico and central america. Curculionidae, which is native to north america, is an invasive woodboring insect species in china with disastrous consequences. Scolytinae with emphasis on dendroctonus valens by amanda lindeman a thesis submitted to the faculty of graduate and postdoctoral affairs in partial. Acoustic signalling in the destructive bark beetle genus dendroctonus curculionidae. Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. Pinene and myrcene induce ultrastructural changes in the.
Physiological and chemical ecology interruption of. Our results suggest that the gut bacteria of these bark beetles could contribute to insect n balance. Dendroctonus bark beetle genera of the united states. Red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens leconte coleoptera. Also, this is the first report about the uric acid content in whole eggs, larvae, and adults male and female samples of the red turpentine beetle dendroctonus valens. This page was last edited on 16 january 2020, at 02. Antennal transcriptome analysis of odorant reception genes. Wherever host species are found in idaho and montana. Dendroctonus valens, introduced to china from north america, has caused catastrophic mortality of healthy pines and has the potential to disperse into new geographic ranges. The bark beetles new york state department of environmental. Although considered a minor pest in its native range, more than 10 million chinese red pine pinus tabuliformis cession carr. Ophiostomatoid fungi associated with the invasive pine. Borys chemical ecology and management of western forest insects, pacific southwest research station, usda forest service, davis. In its native range it causes little damage, but in china it is a destructive pest and has killed more than six million pine trees.
Dendroctonus micans in britain its biology and control. Bacterial community and nitrogen fixation in the red. Gutassociated bacteria of dendroctonus valens and their. Gut microbiota in an invasive bark beetle infected by a. Monoterpene variation mediated attack preference evolution of the. Scolytinae 2 description adults are cylindrical, dark reddishbrown to black, and 5 to 8 mm in length. The red turpentine beetle rtb, dendroctonus valens leconte coleoptera. It is considered to be a secondary pest and is often associated with more aggressive bark beetle species.
Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis. Dendroctonus valens is a destructive forest pest in china. Chiral specificity in responses by the bark beetle utah state. Gut bacterial communities of dendroctonus valens and d. Red turpentine beetle dendroctonus valens nevada division. Abstractthe attraction of the red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens. Product codename description p222lure beetleblock mch repellent for dendroctonus pseudotsugae p223lure beetleblock glv repellent for dendroctonus ponderosae dendroctonus brevicomis p150 beetleblock verbenone repellent for dendroctonus ponderosae dendroctonus brevicomis dendroctonus valens dendroctonus frontalis ips pini ips perturbatus. Pdf an exotic invasive pest of pines, the red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus. Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of dendroctonus valens to nonhost volatiles longwa z a,b, nancy e.
Pdf insect parasites in multicomponent systems and. Analysis by gas chromatographmass spectrometer of volatiles collected from live beetles. It includes several species notorious for destroying trees in. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Dendroctonus definition of dendroctonus by merriamwebster. Dendroctonus valens leconte, the red turpentine beetle rtb is an invasive pest which is severely threatening pine species in china. Dendroctonus definition of dendroctonus by the free dictionary.
Pdf bacterial community and nitrogen fixation in the red. Based on relationship between bark beetles and monoterpenes of their host trees and the midgut morphological characterization performed previously, we studied the effects of. Red turpentine beetle dendroctonus valens leconte is a non. In asia, the red turpentine beetle dendroctonus valens leconte, an exotic invasive introduced from north america, has caused significant levels of tree mortalitysince beingdetectedinchinain 1998yan et al. Management strategies for bark beetles conifer forests. The genus includes some of the largest specimens of north american scolytinae. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. Annals of the entomological society of america 12 p. Dendroctonus valens and hylastes porculus dendroctonus valens and hylastes porculus could vector their commonly associated fungi to red pine. The southern pine beetle spb, dendroctonus frontalis zimmermann, is the most destructive insect pest of pine in the southern united states. Pdf the red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens leconte, is one of the. Report prepared for usda forest service international programs. The red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens coleoptera.
All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. A newcomer that is gaining notoriety as a threat to the christmas tree business is the introduced. Bacterial community and nitrogen fixation in the red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens leconte coleoptera. The outbreak has in part been driven by climate change, and will contribute to increased. Recent studies reported that gut microbiota of insects can suppress. The red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens leconte coleoptera. Dendroctonus valens, the red turpentine beetle, is a species of bark beetle native to the forests of north america, mexico, guatemala and honduras.
Dendroctonus frontalis and several other species of dendroctonus and ips bark beetles have been found to produce 2phenylethanol in small amounts renwick et al. The head is convex in front and has clubbed antennae. The response of dendroctonus vaens and temnochila chlorodia. The rearing of rhizophagus grandis and its release against dendroctonus micans in the united kingdom.
G c, jianghua s a a state key laboratory of integrated management of pest insects and rodents, instituteof zoology, the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 80, pr china. Abstract the red turpentine beetle rtb, dendroctonus valens leconte, as a destructive invasive pest, has become one of the most economically important forest pest in china. Western pine beetle dendroctonus brevicomis nevada. The invasive red turpentine beetle rtb, dendroctonus valens. Traditional pheromonebased rtb monitoring depends on a manual count, which is not only time consuming but also errorprone. The western pine beetle wpb is a bark beetle which attacks and kills 6. The species dendroctonus valens leconte has been recently introduced to asia cabi, 2016b. Automatic intrap pest detection using deep learning for. Dendroctonus genus of small bark beetles destructive especially to mature conifers genus dendroctonus arthropod genus a genus of arthropods. Black turpentine beetle, dendroctonus terebrans olivier.
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